Class and Style with Vue.js

Binding inline styles

With v-bind:style we can dynamically set CSS style properties in html tags.
- Syntax:

<div v-bind:style='{propName:value, otherProp:value}'>content</div>

If you want to use CSS notation (with dash '-'), put the property name between quotes:

<div v-bind:style='{"prop-name":value, "other-prop":value}'>content</div>

- Example, increase and decrease the font-size with two buttons:

<div id='demo'>
 <button @click='fontSize++'>Increase font size</button>
 <button @click='fontSize--'>Decrease font size</button>
 <p v-bind:style='{color:color, fontSize:fontSize +"px"}'>Font size is: {{ fontSize }}</p>
</div>

<script>
var vm = new Vue({
 el: '#demo',
 data:{ color:'#00d', fontSize:12 }
});
</script>

You can bind to a style the object with CSS properties defined directly in Vue data.
- Example:

<div id='demo'>
 <p v-bind:style='styleOb'>This world is cured when the perception is corrected.</p>
</div>

<script>
var vm = new Vue({
 el: '#demo',
 data:{
 styleOb:{color:'#00d', fontSize:'20px', fontWeight:700}
 }
});
</script>

Array of styles

We can add an array with multiple style objects to the v-bind:style directive

- Example:

<div id='demo'>
 <p v-bind:style='[baseStyles, overrideStyles]'>The thought precedes the perception.</p>
</div>

<script>
var vm = new Vue({
 el: '#demo',
 data:{
 baseStyles:{color:'#00d', fontSize:'20px', fontWeight:700},
 overrideStyles:{color:'#fe1234'}
 }
});
</script>

Binding CSS Classes Dynamically

With v-bind:class we can dynamically set CSS clases to html elements.
- Syntax:

<div v-bind:class='{class_name: addClass}'>content</div>

The class_name is added to class attribute when the addClass property is True.
v-bind:class can also coexist with the plain class attribute.

- Example, we build a menu with v-for. When an item in Menu is clicked, we set to be added a CSS class (here sel_li) to the current item. We use v-bind:class to set sel_li class to selected item:

<style>
.m_li {background:#ebebeb; cursor:pointer; display:inline; font-size:20px; margin:4px;}
.sel_li {background:#efef00; color:#00d; text-decoration:underline;}
</style>

<div id='demo'>
<ul>
 <li class='m_li' v-for='li in lists' @click='sel_li =li' v-bind:class='{ sel_li: sel_li ==li}'>
 {{li}}
 </li>
</ul>
</div>

<script>
const menu_li =['Home', 'About', 'Contact'];

var vm = new Vue({
 el: '#demo',
 data:{
 sel_li: menu_li[0],
 lists: menu_li
 }
});
</script>

You can have multiple classes toggled by having more fields in the object.
- Syntax:

<div class='a_clas' v-bind:class='{class_name:addClass, class_2:addCls2}'>content</div>

Multiple classes added into an Array

We can pass an array to v-bind:class to apply a list of classes from data object.
- HTML:

<div v-bind:class='[active_cls, error_cls]'>Content</div>

- In Vue JS:

data: {
 active_cls: 'active',
 error_cls: 'error_msg'
}

Which will render:

<div class='active error_msg'>Content</div>

CSS class in Vue Components

When you use the class attribute on a custom component, those classes will be added to the component's root element. Existing classes will not be overwritten.

- Example with a component:

<div id='demo'>
 <comp_test class='cls_comp'></comp_test>
</div>

<script>
Vue.component('comp_test', {
 template: "<div class='cls_a cls_b'><h3 class='cls_title'>Title</h3><div>Content</div></div>"
});

var vm = new Vue({el:'#demo'});
</script>

The rendered HTML will be:

<div class='cls_a cls_b cls_comp'><h3 class='cls_title'>Title</h3><div>Content</div></div>

- The same is with class bindings in component:

<div id='demo'>
 <comp_test v-bind:class='[add_cls]'></comp_test>
</div>

<script>
Vue.component('comp_test', {
 template: "<div class='cls_a cls_b'><h3 class='cls_title'>Title</h3><div>Content</div></div>"
});

var vm = new Vue({
 el:'#demo',
 data:{add_cls: 'cls_comp'}
});
</script>

The rendered HTML will be:

<div class='cls_a cls_b cls_comp'><h3 class='cls_title'>Title</h3><div>Content</div></div>

<<-Vue JS Components -- Using v-model in form ..->>

Daily Test with Code Example

HTML

CSS

JavaScript

PHP-MySQL

Click on the HTML tag which creates an horizontal line in web page.

Some content ...
<hr />
Content under line ...

Which CSS property defines the text color?

font-style font-variant color

h2 {
  color: #cbdafb;
}

Click on the function which searches if a character, or text exists in a string.

indexOf() toString() split()

var str = "Web courses - http://CoursesWeb.net/";
if(str.indexOf("http://") == -1) alert("http:// isn`t in string");
else alert("http:// is in string");

Which function splits a string into an array of strings based on a separator?

array_merge() explode() implode()

$str = "apple,banana,melon,pear";
$arr = explode(",", $str);
var_export($arr);      // array (0=>"apple", 1=>"banana", 2=>"melon", 3=>"pear")