Php-mysql Course

This tutorial shows you how to create very simple a template page (file) that can be used for webpages in PHP.
We'll use two files: "index.php" with PHP code that gets and defines data to be added in page, and "page.tpl" which contains the template, HTML code with expressions that will be replaced with data defined in "index.php".
The expression added in template, into HTML code, has this form (a HTML comment):
<!-- WORD -->
- This expression will not be displayed in the page if you not set in PHP a value to replace it, because it is treaded as HTML comment.

Code for template, added in "page.tpl" (with HTML5)

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
 <meta charset="utf-8" />
 <title><!-- TITLE --></title>
 <meta name="description" content="<!-- META_DESCRIPTION -->" />
 <meta name="keywords" content="<!-- META_KEYWORDS -->" />
 <style>header, footer, section, aside, nav, article {display: block;}</style>
 <!--[if IE]><script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script><![endif]-->
</head>
<body>

<header id="header">
 <h1><!-- TITLE --></h1>
</header>

<section id="article">
<!-- ARTICLE -->
</section>

<section id="sidemenu">
 <nav><!-- SIDEMENU --></nav>
</section>

<footer id="footer">
<!-- FOOTER -->
</footer>
</body>
</html>

Code for "index.php" (for explanations, see the comments in code)

<?php
// array with words /keys added in template (in HTML comments)
// these elements (initially empty) will contain data that will replace the HTML comment 
$templ = array('TITLE'=>'', 'META_DESCRIPTION'=>'', 'META_KEYWORDS'=>'', 'ARTICLE'=>'', 'SIDEMENU'=>'', 'FOOTER'=>'');

// get the keys from $templ to be added in RegExp
$templ_k = array_keys($templ);

// RegExp pattern with the expresion used in template
$templ_rgx = '/<!-- ('.implode('|', $templ_k).') -->/i';

// setting / defining data in elements of $templ, that will replace the corresponding comment in template
// these data can be selected from a database, external file, array, etc.
$templ['TITLE'] = 'Free Courses: https://coursesweb.net';
$templ['META_DESCRIPTION'] = 'Description added in meta tag';
$templ['META_KEYWORDS'] = 'php, mysql, html, css';
$templ['ARTICLE'] = 'Article, content added in page body';
$templ['SIDEMENU'] = 'Menu: <ul><li><a href="https://coursesweb.net/" title="Free Courses">Free Courses</a></li></ul>';
$templ['FOOTER'] = 'Content added in page footer';

// get the template
$tpl = file_get_contents('page.tpl');

// replace data in template, and output the page content
echo preg_replace_callback($templ_rgx, function($m) { GLOBAL $templ; return $templ[$m[1]]; }, $tpl);
?>

The expression:
$templ_rgx = '/<!-- ('.implode('|', $templ_k).') -->/i';
Sets the RegExp pattern with the words used in template that will be replaced with data defined in PHP, these words are the keys set in the array $templ. They are added in RegExp separated by "|" to create a pattern like this:
/<!-- (WORD_1|WORD_2|WORD_3) -->/i
- This RegExp pattern will match only the HTML comment formed with words added as keys in $templ, so, other HTML comments will not be taken into account.
- The "/i" flag makes preg_replace_callback() to evaluate the expression case-insensitive (without diferences between uppercase and lowercase letters).
- By adding the words for template in array as elements with empty value, will avoid the errors in case if you not set a value for that element, and will add an empty value in HTML code.

Daily Test with Code Example

HTML
CSS
JavaScript
PHP-MySQL
Which tag defines the clickable areas inside the image map?
<map> <img> <area>
<img src="image.jpg" usemap="#map1">
<map name="map1">
  <area shape="rect" coords="9, 120, 56, 149" href="#">
  <area shape="rect" coords="100, 200, 156, 249" href="#">
</map>
Which CSS property defines what is done if the content in a box is too big for its defined space?
display overflow position
#id {
  overflow: auto;
}
Click on the event which is triggered when the mouse is positioned over an object.
onclick onmouseover onmouseout
document.getElementById("id").onmouseover = function(){
  document.write("Have Good Life");
}
Indicate the PHP variable that contains data added in URL address after the "?" character.
$_SESSION $_GET $_POST
if(isset($_GET["id"])) {
  echo $_GET["id"];
}
Create and Use in PHP a Simple Template Page

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