Numbers in JavaScript

Functions for the Number object

Simple arithmetic operations with numbers can be performed with specific operators: Subtraction (-), addition (+), multiplication (*), division (/) and modulo (%) the rest of the division. See the lesson from: coursesweb.net/javascript/operators

- Example, gets the sum of three numbers, then the rest of division with 3.

const n1 =2;
const n2 =9;

//sum
let sum_n = n1 +n2 +15; // 26

//rest of division with 3
let rest3 = sum_n %3; // 2

document.write('Sum (n1+n2+15) = '+sum_n+'<br>Rest of this sum divided by 3 is: '+rest3);

Numeric strings

Numeric strings (numbers added between quotes) cannot be used to perform correctly mathematical operations.
JavaScript uses the + operator for both addition and concatenation.
Numbers are added. Strings are concatenated

- Example, trying to add a numeric string to a number, it results a string with the numbers joined:

let n1 ='21';
let n2 =9;

//sum
let sum_n = n1 +n2; //219

document.write("Sum ('21'+ 9) ="+sum_n);

Before performing mathematical operations with numeric strings, they must be converted to Number.
The simplest way to convert a numeric string to Number is by: multiplying the string by 1, or with the Number() function.

- Example:

let n1 ='21';
let n2 =9;

n1 = n1*1; //converts to number
let sum_n = n1 +n2; //30

document.write('Sum (21+9) = '+sum_n);

The same example, with the Number() function:

let n1 ='21';
let n2 =9;

n1 = Number(n1); //converts to number
let sum_n = n1 +n2; //30

document.write('Sum of (21+9) = '+sum_n);

Functions for the Number object

Numbers without decimal are considered Integer, and the decimal numbers are considered Float.
The negative numbers are added with the minus sign (-).
Number object has some methods for numbers.

Number.isInteger(nr) - returns True if 'nr' is an Integer, otherwise, False.

var n1 = 90;
var n2 = -25;
var n3 = 90.23;
var n4 ='23';

console.log(Number.isInteger(n1)); // true 
console.log(Number.isInteger(n2)); // true
console.log(Number.isInteger(n3)); // false
console.log(Number.isInteger(n4)); // false

Number(sn) - converts a numeric string 'sn' to number. returns NaN (Not a Number) if the string is not numeric.

var n1 ='57.98';
var n2 ='23 str';

console.log(Number(n1)); // 57.98
console.log(Number(n2)); // NaN

parseFloat(sn) - parses an argument and returns a floating point number.

var nr ='13.56';
nr = parseFloat(nr); //number 13.56
var sum_n = nr +8.2;

document.write('- Suma: nr +8 = '+sum_n); //21.759999999999998

parseInt(sn) - parses a string argument and returns a string with an integer number.

var n1 ='25.89';
var n2 ='-34.8 23';

console.log(parseInt(n1)); // 25
console.log(parseInt(n2)); // -34

nr.toFixed(d) - returns a string representing the given number using fixed-point notation, with the specified number of decimals 'd'.
- This method is applied to numbers, not to 'numeric strings'.

var n1 = 92;
var n2 = -25.5689;
var n3 = 90.2378;

console.log(n1.toFixed(2)); // 92.00 
console.log(n2.toFixed(1)); // -25.6
console.log(n3.toFixed(2)); // 90.24

nr.toPrecision(n) - returns a string with the number from 'nr', having:
- for 'nr'>1, the specified length of digits 'n'.:
- for 'nr'<1, the specified length of decimals 'n'.

var n1 = 24;
var n2 = -3.23;
var n3 = 0.46;

console.log(n1.toPrecision(3)); // 24.0
console.log(n2.toFixed(1)); // -3.2
console.log(n3.toFixed(3)); // 0.460

nr.toString() - returns a string with the number from 'nr'.

var n1 = 12.5;
var sum_n = n1.toString() +3;
var ex2 = (12 + 9).toString();

console.log(sum_n); // 12.53
console.log(ex2); // 21

The Number() function with the Date object

The Number() applied with the Date object returns the number of milliseconds since 1.1.1970 till the time from the Date object.

var dt1 = new Date('2018-07-15');
var dt2 = new Date('2018-07-15 11:13:00');

console.log(Number(dt1)); // 1531612800000
console.log(Number(dt2)); // 1531642380000

<<-JavaScript Strings -- Math object - Methods ..->>

Daily Test with Code Example

HTML

CSS

JavaScript

PHP-MySQL

Which tag is used to add lists into <ul> and <ol> elements?

<ul>
 <li>http://coursesweb.net/html/</li>
 <li>http://coursesweb.net/css/</li>
</ul>

Which value of the "display" property creates a block box for the content and ads a bullet marker?

block list-item inline-block

.some_class {
  display: list-item;
}

Which instruction converts a JavaScript object into a JSON string.

JSON.parse() JSON.stringify eval()

var obj = {
 "courses": ["php", "javascript", "ajax"]
};
var jsonstr = JSON.stringify(obj);
alert(jsonstr);    // {"courses":["php","javascript","ajax"]}

Indicate the PHP class used to work with HTML and XML content in PHP.

stdClass PDO DOMDocument

$strhtml = '<body><div id="dv1">CoursesWeb.net</div></body>';
$dochtml = new DOMDocument();
$dochtml->loadHTML($strhtml);
$elm = $dochtml->getElementById("dv1");
echo $elm->nodeValue;    // CoursesWeb.net