CSS3 - text-shadow, word-wrap, text-overflow

CSS3 introduces new properties for text effect. This tutorial presents these CSS3 text properties: the text-shadow, word-wrap, and text-overflow.

CSS3 text-shadow

The text-shadow property introduced in CSS3 allows for one or more shadow effects to be applied to the text of an element. This shadow is drawn around the letters.
Syntax:

text-shadow: offset_X offset_Y blur color;

- offset_X - specifies the position of the horizontal shadow. Negative values are allowed.
- offset_Y - specifies the position of the vertical shadow. Negative values are allowed.
- blur - sets the blur distance (optional).
- color - defines the color of the shadow (optional). If it is not specified is set to black.

Example:

<style>
h2 {
 text-shadow: 2px 3px 3px #a0a1fe;
}
</style>

<h4>Example text-shadow</h4>

<h2>Text with text-shadow</h2>

You can add multiple shadows on the same element, by adding the list of shadows separated by comma, in the text-shadow property.
Multiple shadows are drawn front (first shadow listed) to back (last shadow).
The following code mixes a color of green and a color of blue to create a text-shadow effect.

The rgba(Red, Green, Blue, Alpha) formula is used to define the colors, adding transparency (Alpha) in the same time.

<style>
h2 {
 text-shadow: -1px -1px 1px rgba(110,235,155,0.2), 2px 3px rgba(0,0,181,0.2);
}
</style>

<h4>Example multiple text-shadow</h4>

<h2>Text with two colors for text-shadow</h2>

CSS3 word-wrap

With word-wrap you can allow browsers to break lines in the middle of words to prevent long strings of characters from overflowing a box.
Syntax:

word-wrap: value;

'value' can be:
- normal - Single words cannot be broken (default).
- break-word - Allows unbreakable words to be broken. Words are broken by character, not syllables, and are not hyphenated.

Example:

<style>
#id1 {
 width:100px;
 border:1px solid blue;
 word-wrap:break-word;
}
</style>

<h4>Example word-wrap</h4>

<div id='id1'>Free CSS Course - word-wrap some_looonnng_word.</div>

CSS3 text-overflow

With text-overflow property you can specifies what should happen when text overflows the containing element.
Syntax:

text-overflow: value;

'value' can be:
- clip - clips the text (default).
- ellipsis - render an ellipsis ('…') to represent clipped text.

• Usualy, the text-overflow is used together with white-space:nowrap; and overflow:hidden;.

Example:

<style>
#id1 {
 width:230px;
 border:1px solid blue;
 white-space:nowrap; 
 overflow:hidden; /* 'overflow' value must be different from 'visible' */
 text-overflow:ellipsis;
}
#id2 {
 width:230px;
 border:1px solid green;
 white-space:nowrap; 
 overflow:hidden;
 text-overflow:clip;
}

#id1:hover, #id2:hover {
 text-overflow:none;
 width:auto;
}
</style>

<h4>Example text-overflow</h4>
<p>Place mouse-cursor over texts bellow.</p>

<div id='id1'>CSS Tutorial - some long text in a line, any good words.</div>
<div id='id2'>Web site coursesweb.net - another long text in a line.</div>

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Daily Test with Code Example

HTML

CSS

JavaScript

PHP-MySQL

Which tag is used in <table> to create table header cell?

<table><tr>
  <th>Title 1</th>
  <th>Title 2</th>
</tr></table>

Which CSS property sets the distance between lines?

line-height word-spacing margin

.some_class {
  line-height: 150%;
}

Which function opens a new browser window.

alert() confirm() open()

document.getElementById("id_button").onclick = function(){
  window.open("http://coursesweb.net/");
}

Indicate the PHP function that returns an array with names of the files and folders inside a directory.

mkdir() scandir() readdir()

$ar_dir = scandir("dir_name");
var_export($ar_dir);